The performance of AGV lithium batteries in high or low temperature environments will be affected, as follows:
1. Performance in high temperature environment
• Capacity reduction: In high temperature environments, the capacity of lithium batteries may decrease, mainly because high temperature accelerates the decomposition of chemical substances inside the battery, resulting in a reduction in battery capacity.
• Shortened life: High temperature will accelerate battery aging and shorten the service life of the battery.
Thermal runaway risk: Under extreme high temperature conditions, lithium batteries may experience thermal runaway, that is, a sharp rise in the internal temperature of the battery, which may lead to fire or explosion.
• Lower charging efficiency: At high temperatures, the charging efficiency of the battery will be reduced, and the charging time may be extended.

2. Performance in low temperature environment
• Capacity reduction: At low temperatures, the capacity of lithium batteries will also decrease, but this reduction is usually temporary, and the battery capacity will gradually recover when the temperature rises.
• Lower discharge efficiency: Low temperature will cause the viscosity of the electrolyte inside the battery to increase, which will reduce the migration rate of ions and affect the discharge efficiency of the battery.
• Charging difficulties: at extremely low temperatures, the charging efficiency of lithium batteries is greatly reduced, and even cannot be charged. To overcome this problem, some AGV systems are equipped with heating devices to ensure that the battery can still work at low temperatures.
• Difficulty in starting: At low temperatures, the starting current of the battery will be affected, which may cause difficulty in starting the AGV.

3. Countermeasures
Temperature control: When designing AGVs, temperature control devices, such as heat dissipation systems and heating devices, can be used to keep the battery within the appropriate operating temperature range.
• Battery selection: Choose lithium batteries with better temperature resistance, such as lithium iron phosphate batteries (LFP), which have relatively good performance in high and low temperature environments.
• Maintenance: Check and maintain the battery regularly to ensure its normal operation in different temperature environments.
4. Practical application cases
• High temperature environment: In tropical areas or high temperature workshops, AGVs are usually equipped with cooling systems to ensure that the battery can still work properly at high temperatures.
• Low temperature environment: In cold areas or refrigerated storage, AGVs are equipped with heating devices to prevent battery failure due to low temperatures.